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(No Model. 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. P. C. EBERLEY 8u R. RICHTER.

COKE OVEN AND KILN. No. 282,064. Patented July 31,

TMB mt s u kwek (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. C. EBERLEY 8v R.RICHTER.

COKE O VEN AND KILN.

N. PETERS. Phem-Limagmphu. waminglen. D, C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

P. C. EBERLEY 8v R. RICHTER. COKE OVEN AND KILN.- No. 282,064. PatentedJuly 31, 1883.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRIDERIC C. EBERLEY AND RUDOLPH RICHTER, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

COKE OVEN AND KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,064, dated July 31,1883.

Application inea April 29,1882. (No modem V Toa/ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, FRIDnRIc-H C. Ennu- LEY and RUDOLPH RICHTER, ofDenver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have inventedcertain new and useful Improve `ments relating to Coke-Ovens. of whichthe following is a specification.

Our invention relates to an improved oven in which coal is reduced tocoke and the heat utilized, as will be hereinafter explained. After thefirst ignition, and when the ovens and inclosing masonry have becomeheated up, the coal in the ovens is fired by the heat of the masonry.The smoke arisingnds an outlet through apertures made in the arch of theovens into channels suitably located. The gas arising and passing outthrough side apertures comes in contact with air from the exteriorintroduced through suitable channels, and is ignited, thereby thoroughlyheating the masonry of the ovens. The products of combustion thusproduced ascend through vertical fines into a main channel or iiue, which conveys them to the kilns in which the burning is to be done. Thesekilns are suitably located between the series of coke-ovens, so that theheat given off by the surrounding masonry of the coke-ovens, as well asthe products of combustion above described, is thus utilized. Thearrangement of the flues conveying the ignited gases to the kilns issuch that they may be taken to one kiln and then discharged into thes1noke-stack, or, if they are not spent, may be carried on to anotherkiln, as hereinafter set forth.

The accompanying drawings forni a part of this specification, andillustrate what we consider the best means of carrying out the inven- Y.tion.

Figure 1 represents a series of horizontal sections of the ovens, takenon the planes 1, 6, 7, and 8 in Fig. 6. Fig. 2 represents horizon-` talsections on the planes 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in Fig. 6. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical section taken through the smoke-flue. Fig. 4t is alongitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 5 is an exteriorelevation of a portion of the structure with the parts complete. .Fig 6is a longitudinal section on the zigzag line x y, Fig. 1. Fig.- 7 is avertical transverse section of an oven.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

(i are the coke-ovens. b are the brick or terra-cotta burning ovens orkilns. XVe have shown the structure as built about a polygon or portionthereof. The coke-ovens. a are grouped, and the kilns rl lie between thegroups at the angles ofthe octagon or other polygonal shape. Channelsand iiues conve)T the ignited gases and heat from the cokeovens to thekilns, where it is utilized in burning any desired article.

In erecting the structure the foundation is built up of some materialthat will endure the heat, such as common hard bricks or some varietiesof stone. Then it is leveled off, the wall-anchors a* ai" are placedthereon, which are to receive the upright exterior bars, b b. (See Figs.1 and 5.) Another course of similar material is then laid, and upon thisbed the fire-bricks forming the bottom of the channels c c are placed,as also the iioor of the kilns d, Which are laidin fire-clay. The coversof the channels c c form the floors of the ovens a, and are oflire-clay: Partitions f separa-te the several channels c. The sides ofthe ovens a, built of fire-brick also, are punctured by several channelsor iiues. The central upright flues, li, h, (see Fig. 6,) Vextend fromthe bottoni channels, c, to the upper horizontal fines, g. Near the topthey are narrowed, and open into transverse passages q, whichhave exitsi into the main fines g. A loose brick or other suitable slide is placedin the passage q and moved by a poker or tool from the exterior opening,p, (see Fig. 2,) to open orA close the passage or exit r, thuscontrolling the draft throughthe upright channel h. The products ofcombustion, after circulating through the channels c, pass up throughthe iiues 7L 71..

The ovens are arched, as shown at a, and near the top they have orificesfv, which con1- municatc with a series of channels, i' fz?, run ninghorizontally near the sides of the ovens. These channels 'i i are formedon either side of the ovens, and the connectingoriiices V also enterfrom either side, so that the exit of gases will be equal on each side..Lying between these channels 'i fi, in the partition between the ovens,are air-ducts k, (see Figs. 2 and 6,) which have communication directlywith the IOO outside air. The bricks between the channels fi i andair-ducts k are laid loose and without cement or mortar, so that the airwill flow into the gas-channels f z' and mingle with the gas. Thiscauses combustion, and the ignited gases flow down, circulate throughthe bottom channels, c, and then rise through the upright ues 7L. Itwill thus be seen that the entire surrounding masonry of the ovens isexposed to the action of the burning gases, except asmall portion at thetop. A fervent heat is thus maintained in the ovens without a veryactive fire being maintained therein. The heat will be evenlydistributed over the oven. The ducts k are provided on the outside withbrick plugs or other means for shutting off the ingress of air orregulating the flow thereof.

Above the ovens are provided the horizontal flues f/ g, which convey theproducts of combustion from the various upright fines h to the kilns d,where the said products are utilized for burning bricks, pottery,terracotta, Ecc. The communication through these fines may be had to thekilns or to the smokestack, as desired, by means of suitable gates orvalves, to be hereinafter described, and the burning gases and otherproducts of combustion may be received into these lines from only one ofthe ovens or from several, as may be desirable, by means of the shut-offslides or bricks in the passages q, operated as above described. Tofacilitate the conveyance of the products of combustion to the kilns orto the smoke-stack, the ilues f/ are branched, as shown in Fig. l in thesection taken on line 7 of Fig. 6, one branch entering near the front ofthe kiln el and the other entering the smokestack y at the rear ofthekiln.

Across the smoke-stack, above and below the junction with the liuc g,slides or gates s s are provided. Vhen the upper one of these gates isclosed, the gases, &c., may enter the kiln or continue their traverse inthe next set of flues y. \Vhen the lower slide, s, is closed and theupper one open, the products of combustion will travel out thesmoke-stack. Then both the gates are closed, the products continue tocirculate through the fines g, passing along to the next stack. The iuesg are provided with vertical sliding gates w w, which direct the passageof the products of combustion. These gates are operated from the top ofthe structure. They are formed of cast-iron, and are coated over withfire-clay on both sides for the purpose of protecting them from theaction of lire. They work in grooves formed in the fire-brick walls ofthe flues g. They are hung on chains running over pulleys, and the freeend of the chains is provided with counter-wei gl its. Those verticalslides fw which are near to the smoke-stacks y may have their pulleysattached thereto, while those at a distance must be provided with aframe-Work to support them. By means of these gates w the products ofcombustion may be directed either to the front of the kiln or to theback of it barrowis formed in the front on the eXte-W rior of thestructure. Smaller openings are formed alongside of this for the purposeof` cooling. At the rear of the kilns an opening is provided under thesmoke-stack y, about opposite the main door, in order to secure a draft,when such is needed, to cool off the chamber in a short time. Vhen theburning is going on, these openings are to be closed by being walled upair-tight.

The tops of the kiln-chambers d are provided with a number of holes, tto provide for ventilation and regulation of the temperature inthe'kilns. Caps are provided for these holes, as shown.

The iron frames for the doors to the ovens are placed in position andiitted tightly to the brick-work at the proper time during the erectionof the structure.

lThe top is leveled off and finishedwith flags, on which are laid tracksor ways, upon which carts or trucks run to convey the coal to the ovens.The ovens are charged through the channels u from the top, as shown.These channels or feed-pipes a are provided with caps or stoppers, asshown. (See Fig. G.)

Then all the parts are in place, the upright bars b are reared and tiedacross the top by the swivel-rods, as shown, in order to hold the irondoor-plates securely in position. These bars b rest upon thewall-anchors a* heretofore described. v

lf moisture from the ground should interfere with the successful workingof the apparatus, we overcome this by placing a series of draining-tilesa. under the masonry to carry off the water. y

The apertures v are set obliquely in the base of the arches a,- and areinclined upward, so as to prevent the coal, &c., from getting into andchoking them.

Structures possessing some of the features of ours have been made havingthe coking-chambers partially surrounded with lflues, and others havinga boiler or calcining-kiln arranged between two coking-ovens to receivethe products of combustion from them, and have a valve or gate in thepassages from the ovens to the kiln or boiler; but we are not aware ofany having the arrangement and construction herein claimed.

Nothing in this application is to be considered broadly for theutilization of the waste heat from coke-ovens, as that has heretoforeIOO been accomplished in various Ways'. The features of novelty in thisinvention are specifically pointed out in the claims.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions Without departingfrom the prin-` ciple or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. n

The drawings show an octagonal form of the structure; but this shape isby no means necessary. It may be erected in a straight line or with asmany corners as circumstances may dictate, having also a convenientnumber of ovens-say from two to sixteen, more or lessplaced between thekiln-chambers in each case.

Having thus described our invention, What We desire to claim and secureby Letters Patent is l. In a series of coking-ovens and bakingkilns inwhich the series of ovens and kilns are arranged alternately and inoctagonal or po lygonal form, the channels c, formed beneath the iioorof the ovens a, the upright lues 71, IL, leading from the channels c tothe upper horizontal fines, g, having passages q, with sliding .dampers,the ovens having passages o, communicating with channels z' t', theducts 7:, leading from the outer air into the channels, and means fordeflecting the combined gases into the kilns at will, all combined andoperating substantially as set forth. f

2. In a coking oven substantially as described, the ovens a, havingoutlets c, channels i, and ducts k, communicating with the outer air,the channels c, arranged beneath the floors of the ovens and havingpartitions f, the 3 5 vertical passages h, passages q, having slidingdampers, the upper horizontal passages, g, and defleoting-valves w w ands s, and the kilns d, all combined and operating as and for the purposesset forth.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands, at the city ofDenver, Colorado, this 15th day of March, 1882, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

FRIDERICH C. EBERLEY. RUDOLPH RICHTER.

Titnessesz CARL BRUEHNE, FRED. HIELMEYER.

